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Abstract The recent era of islet transplantation research began more than four decades ago. In 1967, Lacy’s group described a new collagenase-based method to isolate islets, paving the way for future islet experiments both in vitro and in vivo, and eventually leading to a successful islet transplantation to treat patients with type 1 diabetes; since then it has been referred to as the Edmonton protocol. Islet isolation has been a fundamental technique in the field of diabetic research for almost half a century. Achieving good islet isolation is one of the most important factors for reliable islet transplantation studies.